Understanding the signs of depression and anxiety
You’re having a bad day. Again. You’re feeling anxious and nervous, or even sad and hopeless. Everyone has moments of anxiety or sadness, but how do you know what your intermittent feelings of anxiousness or despondency are more than just a series of bad days? How do you know when you’re facing a more serious health issue and should seek treatment? Read on to learn more about anxiety and depression and their symptoms, and then take our brief questionnaire to determine if you should speak to a health care professional.
Mental illnesses such as anxiety and depression impact men and women differently, and for some women, only appear during pregnancy or the postpartum period. Two of the most common issues that women face are anxiety disorder and depressive disorder.
Anxiety Disorder
There are a variety of diagnosable anxiety disorders, including:
- Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
- Panic disorder
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- Social phobia, or social anxiety disorder
It is believed that anxiety disorders can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, the environment, psychological factors, and development factors. Unlike the mild levels of nervousness that many people experience when faced with a finite stressful experience, anxiety disorders typically last at least 6 months, with symptoms escalating if untreated. Each anxiety disorder has different symptoms, but all are predicated upon an excessive, irrational fear and dread
Depressive Disorders
Depressive disorders are a more extreme, and interruptive form of the sadness that individuals can experience from time to time. When an individual suffers from depressive disorder, it can interfere with day-to-day functioning. Like anxiety disorder, depressive disorder comes in many forms that span the severity continuum including:<
- Minor depression
- Dysthymic disorder
- Major depressive disorder
- Psychotic depression
- Season affective disorder (SAD)
- Bipolar disorder
Scientists believe that depressive disorders are caused by genetic, biological, chemical, hormonal, environmental, psychological, and social factors. While signs and symptoms vary depending on the diagnosed condition, in general, symptoms of depressive disorder may include:
- Persistent sad, “empty” feelings
- Feelings of hopelessness and/or pessimism
- Feelings of guilt, worthlessness and/or helplessness
- Loss of interest in activities or hobbies
- Fatigue or decreased energy
- Difficulty concentrating
- Insomnia or excessive sleeping
- Overeating or appetite loss
- Suicidal ideation or attempted suicide
- Physical pain in the form of persistent aches or pains, headaches, cramps or digestive problems
If you feel that you are experiencing something more than occasional nervousness or despondency and that you may be suffering from anxiety or depressive disorder, complete the questionnaire below.
In the past month, have you (check all that apply):
Experienced repeated feelings of hopelessness or emptiness?
Experienced severe and unexplainable mood swings?
Felt like you are constantly worried about things you cannot control?
Worried about the amount of alcohol you consume on a daily or weekly basis?
Felt more than twice a week like you have little interest in activities, hobbies, work, friends or family?
Had difficulty sleeping more than twice per week?
Felt like you have no energy on most days?
Felt like you are worthless, a failure, or have let down your family, friends, or co-workers?
Had trouble concentrating or remembering details on a daily basis?
Felt like the world would be better off without you, or considered suicide?
If you checked 3 or more of the statements above, make an appointment to speak with your health care provider today. There are many available treatments for mental health disorders, and your physician can properly diagnose your condition and help you find a treatment plan that will work best for you.
Drs. Chouchani, Sayegh and Bagnarello are concerned for the overall health of our patients. We can recommend options and specialists to help you overcome anxiety and/or depression.
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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder of the large intestine that commonly causes cramping, bloating, gas, diarrhea and constipation. And it’s a chronic condition that needs to be managed long term.
Almost everybody gets those symptoms at one time or another, though. How can you know if you have IBS?
The first thing to consider is how often you have these problems and whether they’re accompanied by symptoms such as abdominal pain or discomfort. If the answer is “more than once in awhile,” you should talk to a doctor about being checked for IBS.
For the most part, there aren’t any established tests for IBS. Because the symptoms are so common, doctors have to ask questions that may rule out other possibilities such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colon cancer, or celiac disease.
They should ask if you’ve had nausea, vomiting, fever, persistent pain, blood in the stool, or weight loss. They ask because these particular symptoms are not signs of IBS and may indicate other illnesses.
Your doctor may also order blood and stool tests, which can reveal infection or inflammation. They may ask for a breath test or ask you to temporarily eliminate dairy products from your diet to see if that has an effect.
Some doctors are starting to use a set of guidelines called the Rome III criteria to diagnose IBS. Under these criteria, you must have experienced symptoms for at least 6 months. The symptoms must be present for at least 3 days a month in 3 different months. And they must be associated with at least two of these results:
- A bowel movement relieves the ache and suffering.
- There’s a change in how often the stool comes out.
- The stool looks different.
Other symptoms may point to IBS, such as:
- Bowel movements feel uncontrollably urgent, difficult to pass, or incomplete
- Mucus comes out with the stool
- Bloating or abdominal distension
Two important things to remember: don’t be too embarrassed to talk with your doctor openly and honestly about your symptoms. They’ve seen and heard worse! And don’t be afraid. IBS, unlike ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, which are forms of inflammatory bowel disease, doesn’t cause changes in bowel tissue or increase your risk of colorectal cancer.
Most people with IBS don’t have severe signs and symptoms, and some can control their symptoms by managing diet, lifestyle and stress. If you’re concerned about these symptoms in yourself or in someone you love, call your doctor right away for a consultation.
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After giving birth, you may get the “baby blues” for a week or two. You might experience mood swings, feelings of ambivalence toward motherhood, mild depression, and the tendency to burst into tears for no apparent reason. This stage is probably a result of hormonal changes, the isolation new mothers often feel, residual discomfort or pain, and most certainly lack of sleep! But some women, up to 1 in 7, experience a much more serious mood disorder—postpartum depression (PPD).
Unlike the baby blues, PPD doesn’t go away on its own. It can appear any time, even months, after delivering a baby, and it can last for many weeks or months if left untreated. PPD can affect your ability to take care of your baby, or yourself, or both. And PPD can affect any woman, regardless of health, experience, marital status, income, age, race or ethnicity, culture or education.
What are the warning signs of PPD?
The top 10 signs of postpartum depression include:
- Change in appetite, either an increase or a decrease.
- Change in sleep, whether you can’t fall asleep or stay asleep, or you want to sleep all the time.
- Anxiety, agitation or irritability, including worrying constantly about your baby or being fearful of leaving the house or visiting public places.
- Decrease in energy, concentration, or ability to accomplish tasks. This can include having trouble getting up, out of bed, and going in the morning.
- Loss of interest in activities that you once enjoyed.
- Feelings of guilt or worthlessness, or worrying that you’re not a good parent.
- Inability to care for yourself or your baby.
- Complete lack of libido.
- Negative feelings towards or disinterest in your baby.
- Thoughts of harming yourself or your baby.
If you have any thoughts of harming yourself or your baby, DO NOT WAIT! Contact your healthcare provider IMMEDIATELY!
If you experience one or more of the other signs and symptoms of postpartum depression for two weeks or more, it is time to seek additional help from your obstetrician, midwife, primary healthcare provider or a therapist or social worker
You may need counseling, medication or both. Don’t be embarrassed to seek help! You are not alone, and you are not the only one to have the feelings you’re experiencing.
The doctors at Chouchani, Sayegh and Bagnarello care for our patients before, during and after pregnancy. Your health (including your mental health) is a priority for a happy mom and baby.
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If you’re like thousands if not millions of Americans, you make New Year’s resolutions. And chances are, at least one of those resolutions has something to do with improving your health. Good for you! You only get one body in this lifetime, so taking care of it is important. Here’s how to succeed at keeping your resolutions:
1. Write them down
Research has proved that people who write down their goals are more likely to achieve success. Break down your main goal—to lose weight, to eat better—into manageable steps. You can also break it down by time: monthly, weekly or daily.
2. Start small, then go big
So many people fail at their weight loss or healthy eating goals because they try to go from couch potato to marathon runner in January or give up everything they like to eat nothing but salad. Instead, start teaching yourself new habits one step at a time. Start off with something easy, like a 15-minute walk around the block. Once you’ve accomplished that, kick it up a notch. Keep going until you’re at the level of fitness you wanted to achieve. As for food, don’t think of anything as “bad” or “wrong.” Just remember that food is fuel, and plan to fuel yourself with healthier options.
3. Pay ahead of time
If you decide to take a workout class or join a gym, pay in advance. Once you’ve handed over the money, it’s harder to justify not going.
4. Plan your meals, snacks and drinks
Instead of deciding at the last minute what you’ll eat and drink all day, come up with a plan for healthy eating for the week and shop accordingly. Pack lunches to bring to work, or decide ahead of time what you’ll order from a nearby restaurant. And you’ll be less inclined to visit the vending machines at work if you have a variety of healthier snacks to choose from.
5. Do it now (whenever now is)
Instead of saying you’ll start tomorrow, do something good for yourself now. Drink an extra glass of water, reach for a healthy snack, take yourself out for a walk or run, or take 20 minutes to yourself to relax and read. Little changes add up.
6. Remember you’re human.
Instead of dwelling on slip-ups, be kind to yourself. Vow to get back on track instead of letting one unhealthy decision derail your progress.
What are your goals for better health in 2015? Share them below! And if you’re looking for an OB-GYN team that makes your health a priority and helps you achieve your goals, call Chouchani, Sayegh and Bagnarello and make an appointment. We are accepting new patients. And if you’re looking for more healthy tips for women, check out the patient education section of our website.
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Understanding the signs of depression and anxiety
