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Vaginitis and bacterial vaginosis are both equally common vaginal infections. While the symptoms experienced may be either completely the same or very similar, the treatments for the two are very different. It may help to understand that bacterial vaginosis is a type of vaginitis, along with yeast infections and trichomoniasis. Additionally, there are some slight differences as far as the symptoms are concerned which may help you distinguish what it may be, should you experience abnormal discharge.

Vaginitis

It is caused by a change in the normal levels of vaginal bacteria or by an infection. It may also be caused by some skin disorders or reduced estrogen levels (usually after menopause). Overall, it is an inflammation of the vagina that can lead to itching and discharge, as well as pain during intercourse and urination. It may also lead to vaginal bleeding or spotting.

Vaginosis

Overgrowth of vaginal bacteria cause this vaginal inflammation, which results in discharge of gray, white, or even green color. Itching and pain during urination are also common symptoms, as is foul-smelling vaginal odor. Keep in mind that many people with bacterial vaginosis may not experience any symptoms. It can affect any age, but it is more common on women of reproductive ages.

Diagnosis

Any doctor will probably begin by looking into your medical history and, of course, take into consideration your sexual history to determine risk factors—especially if you have multiple sex partners or a new sex partner. The existence of previous vaginal infections is also a risk factor, as are your hormonal levels. Performing a pelvic exam to check for vaginal inflammation and discharge is also standard procedure. If your doctor is suspecting bacterial vaginosis, it is also likely that they will check your abdomen and pelvic organs for any indication of disease. Taking a sample for lab testing and examination of vaginal secretions and pH helps reach a more detailed diagnosis as well.

Treatment

Depending on the type of vaginitis diagnosed, your doctor will assign different treatments. Yeast infections are the easiest to treat with over-the-counter (OTC) medications, usually anti-fungal creams. Keep in mind that though OTC are convenient and cost-effective ways to treat vaginal abnormalities, the wrong medication can lead to more complications and delay proper diagnosis and treatment.

Bacterial vaginosis may be treated by prescribing Metronidazole, which can be taken orally or as a gel applied into the vagina. Other treatments include: Tinidazole, a prescribed oral medication and Clindamycin, a vaginal gel. Note that vaginosis can spread between female sexual partners, and it is especially important for pregnant women to be treated to avoid early birth or low birth weight.

There is also non-infectious vaginitis to keep in mind, which may be caused by other sources of irritation such as a new soap or laundry detergent, tampons, or sanitary napkins.